As more people turn to alternative mobility options like e-bikes, mopeds and motorized scooters, Northumberland OPP is urging residents to make sure they do their homework – from legal requirements to safety considerations.
The call also comes as national hospital data released earlier this summer by the Canadian Institute for Health Information – also known as CIHI – points to e-scooter injuries rising nationwide. In one instance, data for just e-scooter hospitalizations in Canada over a one-year period – 2022-23 to 2023-24 data – indicated a 32 per cent spike.
As previously reported, just ahead of the start of the school year, the Ontario Medical Association (OMA) also sounded the alarm on several health- and safety-related issues – among them, an increase in emergency department visits linked to e-scooter and e-bike incidents. Doctors have voiced concerns about fractures, brain injuries, and worse. (At press deadline, local hospital data wasn’t available.)
In terms of local police data, there have been incidents reported throughout the year, as well as in neighbouring communities, but more concrete numbers aren’t yet accessible.
However, Northumberland OPP Const. James Clarke says such transportation methods are growing in popularity. Most recently, there have primarily been complaints – particularly in the Brighton area – about e-bikes on sidewalks, he adds.
In nearby Quinte West though, OPP has cited several concerning incidents involving power-assisted bicycles throughout July and August, which have resulted in a fatality and serious injuries.
“I can say that as you are on these vehicles, you are a vulnerable road user – there is no seatbelt, and you’re not in the protection of a motor vehicle or a passenger vehicle,” explains Clarke.
What’s more, several operators of e-bikes and alternative forms of transportation have also been charged in recent months, according to Quinte West OPP.
That’s right: Charges can be laid both under the Criminal Code of Canada and Highway Traffic Act if operators aren’t using such equipment responsibly – a message Clarke is echoing.
“We just want to remind residents and visitors about the legal requirements for safety considerations for e-bikes, mopeds, and motor scooters,” explains Clarke. “As new mobility options emerge, it is essential that all road users understand how these vehicles are regulated under Ontario law.”
Here’s a quick rundown on what you need to know if using e-bikes, mopeds and scooters:
“E-bikes, mopeds and motor scooters are not permitted on controlled-access highways, including the 400-series highways and others listed under Ontario law,” notes Clarke.
E-bikes can be driven on most municipal roads and highways where bicycles are allowed – but not on sidewalks, bike paths or trails prohibited by municipal bylaws.
Meanwhile, mopeds and motor scooters can be operated on other public roads but not on controlled access highways and must follow the same rules as all other vehicles, says Clarke.
What else should you know?
All operators must also be at least 16 years old. Under required helmets – approved bike and/or motorcycle helmets – are crucial, stresses Clarke.
If you’re wondering about vehicle definitions and differences, Clarke notes it can get confusing.
An e-bike is a bicycle equipped with working pedals and an electric motor – less than 500 watts – and assists up to 32 km/h. E-bikes have to meet specific equipment standards and aren’t considered motor vehicles under the Highway Traffic Act, notes Clarke. These standards are in place to legally operate an e-bike in Ontario, and range from working pedals, to weighing no more than 120 kilograms, to two independent braking systems, and more.
Further, removing pedals or modifications to exceed speed or power limits reclassifies the e-bike as a motor vehicle, translating to licensing and insurance requirements, explains Clarke.
And that’s not all. Impaired on an e-bike?
Similarly, impaired driving charges can apply to the other modes of transportation – and individuals under a Criminal Code driving prohibition can’t legally operate any of these vehicles.
A moped is described as a lower-powered motor vehicle with pedals and a small engine – it is considered a vehicle and requires full licensing, registration and insurance.
A motor scooter is a two-wheeled motor vehicle without pedals and can be powered electrically or by gas. Under the Highway Traffic Act, these two-wheelers are classified as a motorcycle, meaning all safety and licensing requirements apply.
It’s important people understand where you can and can’t operate and the requirements – residents can expect further public education and enforcement where needed, notes Clarke.
Additional detailed information on riding e-bikes, bike safety, keeping mopeds on the road, and more is accessible online.
“Whether you’re driving a car, riding an e-bike or walking, awareness, courtesy, and compliance with the law are essential to keeping our communities safe,” stresses OPP. “If you’re unsure about the rules for your vehicle, take the time to learn before you travel.”
(Written by: Sarah Hyatt)